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Juggan Vs Emperor

Date of Decision: Aug. 13, 1921

Acts Referred: Criminal Procedure Code, 1898 (CrPC) — Section 438, 537

Citation: AIR 1921 All 162 : 65 Ind. Cas. 447

Hon'ble Judges: Sulaiman, J

Bench: Single Bench

Final Decision: Disposed Of

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Judgement

Sulaiman, J.@mdashThis is a reference u/s 438 of the Criminal Procedure Code by the District Magistrate of Meerut. It appears that while Baraut

was a notified area, Juggan accused applied to the Notified Area Committee for permission to build a wall. On the 9th of January 1921 the

Committee by a resolution ordered that a space of 9 1/2 feet should be left between the wall and an adjoining drain. On objections having been

raised by the accused and a report having been sailed for, the Committee by a second resolution, dated the 16th February 1921, modified its

previous order and reduced the width of the open space from 9 1/2 feet to 5 feet. The accused, however, built the wall without leaving the

required space of 5 feet. The Notified Area Committee accordingly on the 26th of March 1921 issued a notice to him to remove the wall within

fifteen days. After this, the notified area was converted into a Municipality with effect from the 1st of April 1921. The accused replied to the notice,

saying that the land was his own and intimated that he Would institute a suit in a Civil Court. On the 15th of April 1921 the Tahsildar, purporting to

act u/s 333 of the Municipalities Act, II of 1916, as the officer in charge, Municipal work, sanctioned prosecution u/s 185 of the Municipalities

Act.

2. The learned Magistrate did not accept the Committee''s case that a public right of way existed over the land which was to be left open on the

other hand, he found that the land did not belong to the Committee at all, but was the private property of the accused and, in fact, considered that

the order of the Committee was not justifiable. He, however, convicted the accused as, in his opinion, he had contravened the order of the

Committee, and sentenced him to pay a fire of Re. 20.

3. On the 15th of April 1921 the Notified Area Committee had ceased to exist and the Municipality had some into existence, but there is nothing

on the record to show that this was so.

4. In my opinion this reference must be accepted and the conviction set aside. There is in fast, no evidence to show that the Tahsildar had been

empowered u/s 333 of Act II of 1916 to exercise the powers of the Board. But assuming that he had such powers, in my opinion, he would have

no authority u/s 333 of Act II of 1916 to sanction a prosecution. Under that station his powers are limited and he can exercise them only (1) for

the purpose of tasking preliminary arrangements for the holding of first elections or otherwise, and (2) generally of expediting the assumption by the

Board of if a duties when established. It is quite clear that sanctioning a prosecution is neither for the purpose of making preliminary arrangements

for the holding of first elections, nor is it any step towards expediting the assumption by the Board of its duties when established. Section 333 of

the Municipalities Act, II of 1910, therefore, gave him no such power. u/s 314 of that Act it is provided that no Court shall take cognizance of any

of the offences punishable under this Act or under any rule or bye-law, except on the complaint of, or upon information receive from, the Board or

some person authorised by the Board by general or special order in this behalf."" It, there fore, follows that without a proper sanction the conviction

was illegal, The irregularity in the sanction, as required by Section 314 of the Act, cannot be cured by the provisions of Section 537 of the Code of

Criminal Procedure, which are not applicable to the sanction under this section.

5. There are other legal objections also, for instance, (1) that the order of the Committee requiring the appellant to leave a space of 5 feet was in

itself illegal, inasmuch as the previous resolution had been passed within six months of it and the Committee could not modify its own resolution

within that period, and (2) that there is nothing on the record to show that there are any regulations under which the Board is empowered to

prohibit the erection of a wall on private land and not abutting on a public street. In the view which I have taken as to the want of a proper sanction

it is unnecessary for me to go into these other questions.

6. I accordingly accept this reference, set aside the conviction and sentence and direct that the fine, if paid, be refunded.