Sabina, J.@mdashPetitioner has filed this petition u/s 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (in short ''Cr.P.C.) seeking quashing of FIR
No. 115 dated 24.08.2010 (Annexure P-1) under Sections 420 and 120-B of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (in short ''IPC''), registered at Police
Station Fatehgarh Sahib, District Fatehgarh Sahib and all the subsequent proceedings arising therefrom. Learned counsel for the petitioner has
submitted that petitioner had furnished surety bonds qua accused-Satish Kumar who was facing trial in FIR No. 39 dated 11.07.2006 u/s 389,
384 and 120-B, IPC and Section 7, 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, registered at Police Station Vigilance Bureau, Patiala.
During the pendency of the trial, petitioner came to know that due to inadvertence in the affidavit submitted by her, it had been wrongly mentioned
that she was the owner of plot which had been already sold by her. In this regard, petitioner moved an application on 04.05.2010 to furnish fresh
surety bonds. The said application was dismissed by the Special Judge vide order dated 04.05.2010 (Annexure P-3). Thereafter, FIR in question
was registered against the petitioner u/s 420 and 120-B IPC. Allegations leveled against the petitioner are that she had submitted a false affidavit in
the Court. In this regard, FIR could not have been registered against the petitioner in view of the bar imposed by Section 195 Cr.P.C.
2. Learned counsel for the petitioner has placed reliance on C. Muniappan and Others Vs. State of Tamil Nadu, wherein it was held as under:-
The test of whether there is evasion or non-compliance of Section 195 Criminal Procedure Code or not, is whether the facts disclose primarily and
essentially an offence for which a complaint of the Court or of a public servant is required. In Basir-ul-huq and Others Vs. The State of West
Bengal, and Durgacharan Naik and Others Vs. State of Orissa, , this Court held that the provisions of this Section cannot be evaded by describing
the offence as one being punishable under some other sections of Indian Penal Code, though in truth and substance, the offence falls in a category
mentioned in Section 195 Criminal Procedure Code Thus, cognizance of such an offence cannot be taken by misdescribing it or by putting a wrong
label on it.
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Thus, in view of the above, the law can be summarized to the effect that there must be a complaint by the public servant whose lawful order has
not been complied with. The complaint must be in writing. The provisions of Section 195 Criminal Procedure Code are mandatory. Non-
compliance of it would vitiate the prosecution and all other consequential orders. The Court cannot assume the cognizance of the case without such
complaint. In the absence of such a complaint, the trial and conviction will be void ab initio being without jurisdiction.
3. Learned counsel has also placed reliance on the decision of this Court in CRM No. M-12010 of 2012 decided on 24.08.2012 wherein it was
held as under:-
The essential ingredients to proceed with complaint u/s 195 as laid down by Section 340 is that the Court has to form an opinion that it is
expedient in the interest of justice that such an enquiry should be made into any offence. It is not sufficient that false affidavit has been given in the
Court which necessitate initiation of inquiry. No doubt that the petitioner has given two affidavits in criminal proceedings in the Court of law.
However, at the time of entertaining the complaint made by the complainant, the Court has to record a finding that affidavit was false and also that
it was the interest of justice, further enquiry should be made. It is not necessary that in every case where false affidavit or statement has been given
in the Court proceedings, the Court has to refer the matter for further enquiry against the person who has given a false affidavit.
XXX
Applying the law laid down by Hon''ble the Supreme Court to the facts to the present case, the investigating agency proceeded against the
petitioner on the letter sent to the Superintendent of Police, the proper course should have been that the Court of District and Sessions Judge
should have passed an order expressing its opinion that it was in the interest of justice to make preliminary enquiry on the issue of filing false
affidavit in the Court straightway directing the Superintendent of Police to initiate the criminal proceedings and registered FIR is not in accordance
with law.
4. Learned State counsel, on the other hand, has opposed the petition.
5. In the present case, admittedly petitioner had stood surety for accused Satish Kumar. Admittedly, Satish Kumar never absented during trial and
has been convicted by the Trial Court in the FIR registered against him. Although, petitioner while submitting her affidavit at the time of furnishing
surety bonds had mentioned that she was owner of the plot which had already been sold by her but she had herself moved an application on
04.05.2010 to furnish fresh surety bonds on coming to know about the mistake. Thus, petitioner never had the intention to commit the offence of
cheating as she had herself moved an application to furnish fresh surety bonds. However, the said application was dismissed by the Special Judge
vide order dated 04.05.2010 (Annexure P-3). Although in the present case, learned counsel for the petitioner has raised the argument that FIR
could not be lodged against the petitioner in view of the bar imposed by Section 195 Cr.P.C., be that as it may, in the facts and circumstances of
present case, no offence u/s 420 IPC can be said to have been committed by the petitioner. Rather petitioner wanted to correct the mistake
committed by her at the time of furnishing of the surety bonds which leads to the inference that the petitioner never had the intention to commit the
offence of cheating. Accordingly this petition is allowed. FIR No. 115 dated 24.08.2010 (Annexure P-1) under Sections 420 and 120-B IPC,
registered at Police Station Fatehgarh Sahib, District Fatehgarh Sahib and all the subsequent proceedings arising therefrom are quashed.
