Bhim Singh, MLA vs State of Jammu & Kashmir & Others (1985)
The Court protected personal liberty, awarding compensation for illegal detention, setting a precedent for enforcing fundamental rights under Article 32.
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The Court protected personal liberty, awarding compensation for illegal detention, setting a precedent for enforcing fundamental rights under Article 32.
The judgment held that derecognition of rulers and ending privy purses were political acts under Articles 363 and 366(22), beyond judicial review or rights claims.
This landmark case expanded the State’s duty under Article 23, mandating proactive protection of bonded labourers and ensuring dignity and freedom for vulnerable groups.
The Unni Krishnan case limited the right to education under Article 21 to free, compulsory education for children up to 14, while allowing state regulation of professional educati…
The Supreme Court held the State liable for custodial deaths, allowing compensation for fundamental rights violations and placing the burden of proof on the State under Article 21.