State of Karnataka v. Union of India (1977)
This case upheld the Centre’s power to set up inquiries into State matters of national importance, ruling that such actions do not violate the federal structure or State autonomy.
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This case upheld the Centre’s power to set up inquiries into State matters of national importance, ruling that such actions do not violate the federal structure or State autonomy.
Freedom of artistic expression cannot be restricted without clear harm; Article 32 remedies apply only if a fundamental right is directly affected.
This judgment upheld the basic structure doctrine, limiting Parliament’s amendment powers and protecting fundamental rights from being overridden by directive principles.
This PIL marked the judiciary’s active role in environmental protection, reinforcing duties to prevent water pollution and shaping India’s green jurisprudence.
Landmark 1970 ruling on bank nationalisation; SC struck down 1969 law for violating Articles 14 & 31(2), redefining fundamental rights protection.