Rudul Sah v. State of Bihar (1983)
This case expanded Article 32 by allowing the Supreme Court to grant compensation for violations of Fundamental Rights, setting a major precedent for human rights protection.
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This case expanded Article 32 by allowing the Supreme Court to grant compensation for violations of Fundamental Rights, setting a major precedent for human rights protection.
This case upheld Kerala’s bifurcation of Judicial Service, ruling it did not violate Articles 14 or 16, as classification had a rational nexus to improving justice.
This case upheld the Centre’s power to set up inquiries into State matters of national importance, ruling that such actions do not violate the federal structure or State autonomy.
Reaffirmed Union control over mining cess, clarifying State-Union powers under the Seventh Schedule and Entries 23 & 54 for mineral development.
Expanded promissory estoppel in India, making government promises enforceable in commercial contexts if acted upon in good faith.