Ramesh Dalal vs Union of India (1988)
Freedom of artistic expression cannot be restricted without clear harm; Article 32 remedies apply only if a fundamental right is directly affected.
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Freedom of artistic expression cannot be restricted without clear harm; Article 32 remedies apply only if a fundamental right is directly affected.
This case upheld reasonable limits on property rights to protect poor farmers, stressing harmony between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles for social justice.
This ruling upheld the State’s power to impose retrospective taxes if constitutionally valid, affirming that retrospective laws aren’t invalid if within legislative competence.
This judgment upheld the basic structure doctrine, limiting Parliament’s amendment powers and protecting fundamental rights from being overridden by directive principles.
This PIL marked the judiciary’s active role in environmental protection, reinforcing duties to prevent water pollution and shaping India’s green jurisprudence.