A.R. Antulay vs R.S. Nayak and Another (1988)
This judgment upheld procedural fairness, ruling that speedy trials are part of fair trial rights under Articles 14 and 21, and limited judicial power in transfers.
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This judgment upheld procedural fairness, ruling that speedy trials are part of fair trial rights under Articles 14 and 21, and limited judicial power in transfers.
The Vishaka Guidelines mandated workplace sexual harassment prevention, including complaint committees and employer accountability, until the 2013 Act.
The Court ruled that reserved category promotions don’t grant seniority over general candidates, balancing reservation benefits with equality under Articles 14 and 16.
The Supreme Court recognized commercial speech, including business directories like Tata Press Yellow Pages, as protected under Article 19(1)(a), limiting restrictions.
The 'Second Judges Case' ruling gave primacy to the CJI in judicial appointments, establishing the collegium system to protect judicial independence from executive interference.